Power quality compliance and grid reliability: harmonics, THD, power factor, voltage regulation, reactive power, IEEE 519, NERC CIP standards, and measurement instruments.
4 sources US Patent 3,517,300 filed at GE Schenectady in 1968 by William McMurray. Original motivation: 16.66 Hz European locomotive traction Read More
4 sources IEEE 519-2022 sets 5% voltage THD limit at utility-customer interface. Conventional MW chargers routinely exceed 5% THD and Read More
4 sources Iron-core transformer technology, unchanged since 1886, has outlasted every solid-state challenger by offering single-step voltage conversion with Read More
4 sources The solid-state transformer has carried four different names across 50 years—electronic transformer, PETT, IUTS—still used Read More
4 sources DC-link capacitors are the single biggest lifetime determinant in solid-state transformers. Dielectric degradation and ESR rise Read More
4 sources MFT operating frequency 5-100 kHz, commercial sweet spot 10-30 kHz. Conventional silicon-steel cores fail above ~1 kHz Read More
4 sources Forced-liquid cooling dominates multi-MW SST production, with 3x-5x power density over forced air. Dielectric-fluid immersion Read More
4 sources MPPF capacitors and SiC devices in SSTs need specialized processing to recycle -- a gap that Read More
3 sources Conventional iron-core transformers have no cyber attack surface; SSTs introduce a software + network control plane. Attack Read More
4 sources Virginia Tech CPES annual research expenditures $6-7M across power-electronics scope. 400 kW SST extremely fast EV Read More